Category: Middle East & Africa

  • Turkey to return Israeli-made drones, citing technical problems

    Turkey to return Israeli-made drones, citing technical problems

    Israeli Aerospace Industries says it stood by its obligations and doesn’t know where the problem lies

    By Ilan Ben Zion October 28, 2012, 12:27 am 2

    UAV Heron in flight (photo credit: IDF Spokesperson)

    Ankara is returning three unmanned aerial vehicles purchased from Israel and demanding damages, claiming Israel didn’t uphold the terms of an agreement, Turkish media reported on Saturday.

    Turkey decided to send the three Heron drones back after technical problems were found with the aircraft, Turkish news outlet NTV reported. Turkey acquired the drones four years ago as part of a 10 drone, $183 million deal with Israel Aerospace Industries.

    According to Israel Radio, Ankara claimed the Israeli government has rejected repeated requests to repair the aircraft, as specified in their agreement. As a result, Turkey has decided to return them to Israel and demand compensation for damages incurred because of Israel’s unwillingness to meet its obligations.

    One of the planes crashed while operating on a mission in southeastern Turkey and two others haven’t been used in eight months due to technical issues, Turkey claimed, according to the NTV report.

    IAI responded to the report saying that it had stood by all its obligations regarding repair of the aircraft, and that it did not know what the problem was.

    Last year, Turkish daily Today’s Zaman reported that Turkey returned several Heron drones for repair because of ”engine-related” and “other problems.” After delays in getting them back to Turkey, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan publicly complained. Israel then returned the drones and sent technicians to fix them.

    It was not clear whether the Herons being returned to Israel were the same ones that required repair in 2011.

    via Turkey to return Israeli-made drones, citing technical problems | The Times of Israel.

  • Turkey’s exports to Iran reach $8.5b in 8 months

    Turkey’s exports to Iran reach $8.5b in 8 months

    Turkey’s exports to Iran for the first eight months of 2012 totaled $8.5 billion, Turkish central bank governor has said.

    Erdem Basci told the Financial Times that the income was due to large-scale Iranian purchases of gold. This level of exports to Iran is widely considered unsustainable due to U.S. misgivings and limits in Turkey’s stock of gold.

    However, in August Turkey’s gold exports switched sharply to the UAE, with almost $2 billion in sales, making the country Turkey’s leading export destination for the month – a more than eightfold increase on the month before.

    Basci said his expectations about Turkey’s growing trade with the Middle East excluded gold sales.

    His remarks also signal Ankara’s growing confidence in its own economic management, after the country managed to bring growth down from unsustainable levels without a recession.

    “We have shown the first successful example of doing that in Turkish history,” he said.

    As a result, he said, Turkey’s $800 billion economy was a different case from other emerging markets, which have slowed in recent months.

    He added that the extraordinary global liquidity unleashed to deal with the financial crisis enabled the country to run a current account deficit of 7 percent of GDP, although its longer term goal was to reduce the level to 5 percent.

    He also emphasized his goal of bringing inflation down to 5 percent, compared to about 9 percent now, which he said would allow long term domestic capital markets to develop and diminish Turkish companies’ reliance on foreign lenders.

    However, at a meeting on Wednesday launching the central bank’s inflation report, several analysts questioned the bank’s ability to reach its inflation goals in a growing economy.

    In a note titled “Wishful thinking or what?”, Burcu Unuvar of Is Investment noted that the bank on Wednesday revised its inflation expectation this year to 7.4 percent, up from 6.2 percent, owing to higher than expected energy prices, while it forecast only a “mild recovery” in domestic demand for the last quarter of the year.

    She described the bank as “aggressively hopeful” in its inflation and growth expectations for next year.

    (Source: Financial Times)

    via Turkey’s exports to Iran reach $8.5b in 8 months – Tehran Times.

  • Turkey in the Syrian Crisis: What Next?

    Turkey in the Syrian Crisis: What Next?

    But Erdogan is, to many, no more than an impotent, tantrum-prone, and dangerous demagogue – which the Obama administration and other “concerned powers” will not admit. Presumptions that he can act consequently to rescue the Syrian people are mistaken.

    Syrian dictator Bashar Al-Assad treats Turkish military reprisals as pin-pricks. Nonetheless, while massacres continue inside Syria, confrontations and counterblows proliferate along the country’s border with Turkey, including exchanges of mortar-shell fire. But how long will this stalemate continue?

    Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, in his public comments, is addicted to candor, if not bluster. He condemns the weakness of the United Nations in the face of the Syrian bloodletting, yet is even more dismayed, it seems, to realize that Turkey cannot wage war on the Al-Assad regime. Turkey cannot save Syria; it cannot march to Damascus; it cannot remove the Al-Assad state apparatus, and it cannot reconstruct Syria as a Turkish protectorate.

    The Syrian Army is a significant military force, and would respond with a wholesale offensive, devastating poor Turkish villages. The Syrian war is spreading into Lebanon; its extension northward could produce a general conflagration in the area.

    For these reasons, and not out of sympathy for the Syrian tyrant, the overwhelming majority of Turks oppose a military campaign against Damascus. The Turkish political opposition calls on Erdogan to renounce his bellicose rhetoric. Turkey will, it is hoped, avoid a war with Syria, even as Erdogan postures as a great military figure and proposes a “vision” for resolution of the crisis.

    Erdogan tours the Middle East and in many places is applauded. This, of course, increases his popularity at home. Arab sympathy for Erdogan most likely reflects his adoption of an anti-Israeli stance. He has also called for Islamic unity. “Brotherhood” and “community” are the pillars on which Erdogan has constructed his project for a Muslim-dominated Mediterranean.

    Turkish “neo-Ottomanism,” combining Islamist supremacy with patriotic fervor, is not limited to Ankara’s initiatives in foreign policy. Erdogan’s Justice and Development Party, or AKP, has made Ottoman nostalgia a central feature of Turkish cultural life.

    Examples of this attitude are plentiful. With an AKP municipal government, Istanbul every year now celebrates May 29, commemorating the conquest of the city by Sultan Mehmed II in 1453. In 2010, Istanbul considered itself the “European Capital of Culture,” and the budget for the program emphasized renovation of Ottoman architectural sites. Istanbul no longer projects itself only as a bridge between east and west, but as the center of Ottoman civilization. None of these developments is reassuring.

    NATO, in an urgent meeting on the Syrian disaster in June, declared clear support for Turkey. The hurriedly-assembled NATO ambassadors described Syrian attacks on the Turkish frontier as a breach of international law and a menace to regional security. But NATO concluded diffidently, “As indicated on June 26, the alliance is monitoring closely the Syrian situation.”

    The U.S. promised to support Turkey. Tommy Vietor, National Security Council spokesperson, said late last year, “We continue to call on other governments to join the chorus of condemnation and pressure against the Assad regime so that the peaceful and democratic aspirations of the Syrian people can be realized. President Obama has coordinated closely with Prime Minister Erdogan throughout the crisis in Syria and will continue to do so going forward.” The U.S. appealed to Al-Assad to step down from power, agree to an armistice in the fighting, and initiate a political transition.

    After Turkey forced a Syrian passenger aircraft to land in Ankara on October 10, German foreign minister Guido Westerwelle visited his Turkish counterpart, Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu, in Istanbul. Westerwelle placed his country unambiguously on the side of Turkey. The German representative declared, “Under international law, Turkey must not tolerate transport through their airspace of weapons or military supplies to Syria.” In a similar case, with a violation of German airspace, said his government would have done the same thing. “Turkey is our partner,” Westerwelle added, “and they can count on our solidarity.”

    The German foreign minister, however, distanced Germany from Erdogan’s harsh criticism of the UN Security Council, which Erdogan has said should be reformed, as at present two permanent members, Russia and China, possess veto power over any action on Syria.

    Erdogan repeats to the world that a humanitarian disaster is taking place in Syria. “If we wait for one or two of the [UN Security Council’s] permanent members… then the future of Syria will be in danger,” he insists. But his opinion is not supported by most of the rest of the world. Erdogan, in an October 13 speech in Istanbul, invoked the Balkan tragedy that occurred two decades ago. “How sad is,” he said, “that the UN is as helpless today as it was 20 years ago, when it watched the massacre of hundreds of thousands of people in the Balkans.”

    No one can predict where all this oratory will end up. It is only certain that there are victims on both sides of the Turkish-Syrian border, and in the conflict inside Syria. Since the beginning of October, the Turkish army has directed fire at 87 locations inside Syria, and has killed at least 12 Syrian soldiers, according to a report based on Turkish military sources, and published in the Turkish daily Milliyet on October 20. The paper stated that Syria had launched mortar rounds or other shells across the border 27 times, and that in the Turkish response, five Syrian tanks, three armored vehicles, one mortar, one ammunition transporter and two anti-aircraft guns were destroyed, with many more military vehicles damaged.

    The Europeans tend to their own affairs, the five permanent members of the UN Security Council negotiate among themselves, Turkey claims it is considering unilateral action against Syria. But Erdogan is, to many, no more than an impotent, tantrum-prone, and dangerous demagogue – which the Obama administration and other “concerned powers” will not publicly admit. Some say that notwithstanding a possible Erdogan strategy for the establishment of Syria as a Sunni Islamist ally – or vassal – of an AKP-led Turkey, he and his party are needed for any positive action by NATO against Al-Assad. But presumptions that he can act consequently to rescue the Syrian people are mistaken. And the rest of us can only wait and hope for the best.

  • Iran Buys Gold From Turkey

    Iran Buys Gold From Turkey

    Council

    world gold.png

    It appears that some inside Turkey and Iran are trying to hide a multibillion dollar gold trade between to the two states, according to an exclusive report from Reuters.

    Apparently, gold traders have been flying the bullion from Turkey to Dubai in their hand luggage and then trading it on to Iran.

    Most of the gold has been legally declared in customs. In August, Turkey exported $1.9 billion to the UAE, according to a Reuters analysis of the latest data available from Turkey’s Statistics Office. In July that figure was just $7 million. It is not clear how much of that gold reaches Iran, but experts in Dubai told Reuters they did not notice any “sudden increase” in gold supply in August and they believe almost all went to Tehran.

    Turkey’s gold exports to Tehran, which had been “fluctuating between $1.2 billion and about $1.8 billion each month since April,” plummeted to $180 million in August.

    Iran appears to be using this method to hide its import of gold from Turkish traders. Sanctions against Iran, mostly stemming from its nuclear ambitions, have isolated it from the global banking industry and have crippled the economy and the value of the Rial. Iranians can use gold, instead of its rapidly declining currency, as a means to transfer their wealth and participate in certain international banking activities that would be prohibited under current sanctions on Iran.

    While the trade does not violate sanctions, the Iranians might want to keep the situation under wraps in order avoid attracting the attention from watchful eyes, especially those of the United States and the United Nations. If gold is added to the sanctions list, it would take away key tool which Iran is using to manage its finances.

    via Iran Buys Gold From Turkey – Business Insider.

  • Turkey’s ‘inkblot’ test

    Turkey’s ‘inkblot’ test

    Turkey’s ‘inkblot’ test

    By Soner Cagaptay, Special to CNN

    Editor’s note: Soner Cagaptay is a senior fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and a GPS contributor. You can find his other posts here. The views expressed are solely those of the author.

    121002103633 turkey syria refugees story top

    Ankara is struggling to accommodate the tide of Syrian refugees looking to enter Turkey. As of this month, there were more than 100,000 Syrian refugees in the country, a number that Turkey has already declared as the “psychological limit” in terms of the number it can host. Ankara can also be expected to try to accommodate many refugees on the Syrian side of the border. Indeed, without apparent interference from the Syrian government, temporary zones are already forming like inkblots across the national boundary from Turkey into Syria. But can Turkey cope?

    The refugee influx poses potential security concerns for Turkey, not least because of the potential for armed Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) members in Syria to use this as an opportunity to cross into Turkey. As a result, Ankara has already temporarily closed some of its border crossings and increased security controls for refugees fleeing across the border. This has translated to increased waiting times for entry, which has in turn only added to the back-log of refugees on the Syrian side of the border.

    As the Sunni Arab exodus from Syria continues, areas with favorable geography and nearby border crossings have been confronted with the greatest numbers of refugees, leading to the formation of what could be described as “inkblot” zones, where refugees on both sides of the border live under Turkish care. The Syrian government has all but abandoned such areas.

    Since August, Turkey’s official humanitarian relief agency, the Disaster and Emergency Management Directorate (AFAD), has been dispensing aid at key crossings, including to camps inside Syria. Meanwhile, signaling a defensive posture over the “inkblots,” Turkish military forces equipped with anti-aircraft installations have been positioned within range of the camps. According to some reports, helicopters used by forces loyal to Bashar al-Assad have periodically been chased from these areas by Turkish fighter jets.

    But as they grow in size and number, these “inkblots” will further erode the integrity of the Turkish-Syrian border, a border that seems to be merging into the terrain itself, especially in areas where large Sunni Arab communities live on both sides of the border crossings.

    These areas also have the potential to place genuine strains on ties between Ankara and Washington. After all, there are already policy differences between the two countries on Syria: Ankara appears to want to move fast and potentially with force vis-à-vis Damascus, whereas Washington is exercising caution. So far, Turkey has managed the relationship well, publicly at least. But last month, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Erdogan chided U.S. President Barack Obama for “lacking initiative” on Syria.

    An expansion in the number of “inkblots” could put pressure on Ankara to press publicly for U.S. assistance against the al-Assad regime, including asking for U.S. backing to convert the refugee settlements into internationally sanctioned safe havens.

    Ultimately, these settlements might best be seen as something of a Rorschach test of U.S.-Turkish, with Ankara viewing them as the stepping stone to the next stage of the push against al-Assad, and Washington seeing them as merely a temporary fix in the ongoing Syria crisis.

    via Turkey’s ‘inkblot’ test – Global Public Square – CNN.com Blogs.

  • Turkey warns Syria future attacks ‘will be silenced’

    Turkey warns Syria future attacks ‘will be silenced’

    From Gul Tuysuz, CNN
    October 8, 2012 — Updated 0033 GMT (0833 HKT)
    121007020448 01 syria 1007 horizontal gallery
    Syrian rebels take up positions inside a building during clashes with government forces in Aleppo on Saturday, October 6. See more of CNN’s best photography.
    • NEW: Syria’s defense minister says forces are more resolved than ever to restore peace
    • NEW: At least 110 are dead from fighting inside Syria, says an opposition group
    • NEW: U.S. defense secretary expresses concern that the conflict could broaden
    • A third shell falls in Turkish territory, a semi-official news service says

    (CNN) — Residents of a Turkish border town hid inside their homes Saturday after three Syrian shells landed inside Turkey in separate incidents amid fierce fighting in Syria.

    The shelling prompted Turkish forces to return fire as clashes between the two neighbors entered a fourth day, according to government and semi-official media reports.

    As Turkish forces deployed along the border, Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu warned that “any future attack on Turkey from anywhere will be silenced,” according to the semi-official Anadolu Agency news service.

    The Syrian shells hit outside two villages in Hatay province, the provincial government said in statements.

    Where the border clashes took place

    One shell landed about 50 meters (164 feet) into Turkey. In the second incident, a shell landed about 1.2 kilometers (0.75 miles) into Turkey, between a Turkish village and a border post, the provincial government said.

    121005105804 pkg walsh damascus syria battles 00001126 story bodyRebels attack army barracks in Damascus

    121005024208 turkey syria shelling story bodyTurkey-Syria ties strained by violence

    Turkish shells rain on Syria

    In both cases, authorities believe Syrian troops were firing on rebel forces stationed near the border.

    The Anadolu Agency news service said three shells had been fired Saturday into Turkish territory.

    Turkish border troops retaliated, firing twice into Syrian territory, the Hatay government said.

    Who is arming the Syrian conflict?

    U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta expressed concern about the cross-border activity.

    “The fact is, there is a war going on in Syria between the opposition and the regime forces, and it’s one that has cost a large number of lives,” he told reporters in Lima, Peru. “Whether or not that conflict begins to extend into the neighboring countries such as Turkey remains to be seen, but obviously the fact that there are now exchanges of fire between these two countries raises additional concerns that this conflict could broaden.”

    The shelling comes amid fighting between rebel and regime forces over the nearby Syrian border village of Khirbet al-Jouz. Rebel forces captured the village Saturday after seven hours of fighting, according to the London-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.

    At least 40 Syrian soldiers and nine rebels were killed in clashes in Khirbet al-Jouz and in the Jisr al-Shughur countryside, in Idlib province, the group said.

    Residents across the border in Turkey could see and hear gunfire from the fighting, and government officials took to village loudspeakers to warn residents not to go outside.

    “How can we not be afraid? Listen you can hear the gun-fighting,” said resident Hamza Tuncer.

    Tuncer said he helped carry the bodies of two dead fighters into the village.

    One was a fighter who suffered a foot wound but decided to return to the battle, Tuncer said.

    “That’s when he got shot in the head,” he said.

    In addition to the shelling, fires from forests burned in the conflict have spread to the Turkish side of the border, leaving the air filled with smoke, resident Turhan Tomak said.

    “We have no forest left. It hurts my insides. All our forests are gone,” Tomak said.

    The back-and-forth shelling between Syrian and Turkish forces began Wednesday when a shell fired from Syria hit the Turkish town of Akcakale, killing five civilians and injuring nine others.

    Children in a war-torn Syria town hold school in a cave

    Davutoglu said he was certain the shells that hit Turkey on Saturday came from the Syrian army because it is a type used only by that country’s forces.

    His warning against Syria comes amid a buildup of forces along the Syrian border. Armored units have deployed to several areas along the border, the Anadolu Agency reported.

    The Turkish parliament has approved a resolution allowing military forces to deploy abroad, but government officials have said they do not want war with Syria, once a close ally.

    But Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan has warned Syria not to escalate tensions.

    U.N. still has no plan for Syria

    “It would be a deadly mistake to test Turkey’s deterrence, determination and capacity,” he said.

    The U.N. Security Council condemned the shelling and appealed for restraint from both countries.

    Before Saturday’s incidents, Syria’s U.N. Ambassador, Bashar Ja’afari, said his country “is not seeking any escalation with any of its neighbors, including Turkey.”

    Rebels report a potentially key ‘capture’

    In addition to the fighting over Khirbet al-Jouz, government and rebel forces clashed near Damascus, Aleppo and other cities. Heavy fighting was reported in the western province of Homs, where fighting and shelling left 24 people dead, according to activists.

    Nationwide, at least 110 people died in fighting Saturday, the opposition Local Coordinating Committees said.

    Meanwhile, the al-Farouq brigade, one of the rebel groups operating in Homs, claimed on its Facebook page to have captured 1st Lt. Housam Assad and two of his aides. The military commander of that brigade, Abu Sayeh Jenaidi, appeared on Al Jazeera and said the detainee claims to be a direct relative of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Housam Assad is wounded, but in stable condition, the military commander said.

    CNN cannot independently verify the claims by al-Farouq brigade, nor the relationship that Housam Assad may have with the Syrian president.

    Syrian defense ministers says security forces are more determined than ever to restore peace

    Defense Minister Gen. Fahd Jassem al-Freij spoke Saturday on state TV, the state-run Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) said.

    “Our armed forces today are more resolved to restore security and stability to Syria and cut off the hand of whoever tries to harm it and eliminate the remnants of defeated terrorists wherever they are,” SANA reported he said.

    Al-Freij was named minister after his predecessor was killed in July.

    He noted, also, that “the homeland’s door is still open to all its sons, including those who were misled and want to go back on track under the homeland’s umbrella,” SANA reported.

    Saturday marks deadline for Iranian hostages

    Iranian officials urged international groups to act to stop the threatened killing of 48 Iranian citizens by Syrian rebels, according to the semi-official Fars News Agency.

    In a video posted to YouTube, the rebels holding the hostages have threatened to begin killing them Saturday unless the Syrian regime releases rebel detainees and stops what the rebels called the “ongoing random slaughter” of innocent civilians.

    The group, the Revolutionary Council of Eastern Ghouta, said one hostage would die for each Syrian killed by government forces.

    The hostages were kidnapped in August while on what Iran has described as a religious pilgrimage. The rebels have described the hostages as members of Iran’s military, an assertion Iran has denied.

    Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi talked with Davutoglu by telephone Saturday and urged him to help secure release of the hostages.

    The semi-official Mehr News Agency said Salehi also spoke with the prime minister of Qatar in an effort to resolve the situation.

    Sources: Pro al Qaeda group steps up suicide bombings in Syria