Category: UK

  • A ‘New Israel’… in eastern Texas?

    A ‘New Israel’… in eastern Texas?

    Long-shot congressional candidate Allan Levene has a uniquely improbable two-state solution

    Congressional candidate Allan Levene has a Middle East peace plan: have Israel exchange the West Bank for this land in southeast Texas.
    Congressional candidate Allan Levene has a Middle East peace plan: have Israel exchange the West Bank for this land in southeast Texas.

    JTA — With the Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations floundering, it may, perhaps, be time to consider an entirely different kind of two-state solution. One that involves the State of Texas.

    Allan Levene
    Allan Levene

    Congressional candidate Allan Levene is proposing to cut the Gordian Knot of Middle East peace by creating a second State of Israel on the eastern coast of Texas, which he would call New Israel. The idea, briefly, is to take (through eminent domain) roughly 8,000 square miles of sparsely populated land bordering the Gulf of Mexico and give it to Israel as a second, non-contiguous part of the State of Israel. Israel would get the land only if it agrees to withdraw to its pre-1967 borders.

    Israel wins because it would gain a new, peaceful territory far from the strife of the Middle East, in a place where, as Levene suggests, “the climate is similar,” and Israel could “have access to the Gulf of Mexico for international trade.” The U.S. wins because it would no longer need to send Israel billions of dollars a year in foreign aid. Texas wins because of all the construction jobs from building an entirely new state within its borders. The Palestinians win because they get the West Bank, and because now Israel, too, gets to see just how fun it is to have a non-contiguous state. Everybody wins!

    And, in fact, it’s an idea with plenty of precedent. Theodor Herzl temporarily embraced a British proposal to establish a Jewish homeland in Uganda (though the backlash against the idea almost destroyed the Zionist movement). And in 1938-40, various plans were floated to settle European Jewish refugees in the Alaska territories – a notion that later inspired Michael Chabon’s novel, “The Yiddish Policeman’s Union.”

    Admittedly, the plan raises a few questions. OK, a lot of questions. Texans don’t generally seem too excited about the federal government stepping in and seizing land. And it’s not clear exactly how the construction of an entirely new state, and all those delectable construction jobs, gets funded (since, remember, this is supposed to save the U.S. billions of dollars). And while Israelis have generally shown plenty of enthusiasm for moving to places like New York and Los Angeles, coastal Texas has never ranked all that high on the list of preferred destinations. And – well, you get the picture. There are questions.

    But Allan Levene has never been daunted by long odds – or, for that matter, by multi-state solutions. A British Jewish immigrant and naturalized citizen, Levene is simultaneously running for Congress, as a Republican, in two non-contiguous states — Georgia and Hawaii (though not, interestingly, in Texas).

    Why, you might ask, is Levene running in two states? Easy – because he couldn’t get on the ballot in two other states, Minnesota and Michigan (where he was aiming for two separate congressional districts, because why not?).

    Aside from creating New Israel, Levene also hopes to reduce the national debt, largely by eliminating U.S. corporate taxes and using pension rules to set congressional term limits. He also wants to put conspiracy theories to rest by investigating national catastrophes with not one, not two, but three separate commissions.

    Levene’s candidacies are long shots – his support in polls has been minimal, and his fundraising has been negligible. The odds that a New Israel will appear just south of Corpus Christie are not much better.

    www.timesofisrael.com, April 26, 2014

  • Turkey must look beyond Erdogan

    Turkey must look beyond Erdogan

    Premier can no longer return country to moderate path

    ftRecep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey’s prime minister, this weekend faces the biggest test of his 11 years in power. In the past few months, the 60-year-old premier has polarised Turkish society by passing a raft of illiberal laws with the apparent intent of protecting himself and his cronies from corruption allegations that have rocked his government. To save his political skin, Mr Erdogan reassigned thousands of police officials investigating the allegations. He has now gone a step further by banning Twitter and YouTube ahead of the vote. Understandably, many fear Turkey is lurching towards authoritarian government.

    Mr Erdogan faces a moment of reckoning on Sunday when Turks vote in local elections across the country. If Mr Erdogan’s AK party scores about 45 per cent or higher, his position will be consolidated and he will be in a position to meet his goal of running for the Turkish presidency. But if he wins less than 40 per cent or loses the crucial cities of Istanbul or Ankara, his leadership will be seriously damaged.

    The people of Turkey must decide their political future. That is only right. But even if Mr Erdogan performs well – and the AKP retains a very strong following in its Anatolian heartland and beyond – he can no longer be regarded as a figure who can unite Turkey and return the country to stability. Turkey must start looking for its next generation of leaders – even within the ranks of the AKP – who can end the political turmoil.

    The fundamental problem the nation faces is the schism between Mr Erdogan and Fethullah Gulen, a powerful Sunni Muslim cleric based in Pennsylvania. A decade ago, Mr Erdogan and Mr Gulen joined forces to conduct a peaceful revolution against Turkey’s army and secularist leaders, allowing the moderate Muslim AKP to consolidate power. Now the Gulenists are leveraging their position inside Turkey’s security and judicial structures to undermine Mr Erdogan, whom they believe has become a detached authoritarian. As is often the case in history, the revolution is devouring its own children.
    The internecine warfare is destroying Turkey’s independent institutions and the international reputation it earned in the early years of AKP power. Then it was hailed as an example of a moderate democratic Muslim majority state. In order to sully Mr Erdogan’s reputation, the Gulenists, members of a shadowy group that can in no way be seen as a responsible opposition, appear to be leaking compromising tape recordings alleging corruption by Mr Erdogan and his allies. Mr Erdogan’s ban on Twitter, which is still in force despite an adverse court ruling, came as he tried to staunch the leaks. Overall, Mr Erdogan’s high-handed conduct in office brings immense cost to the country’s standing.

    When set against the past decade of Turkish history, this is a tragic turn of events. At the start of the millennium, Turkey acquired much political favour in the west as it carried out reforms under the aegis of the International Monetary Fund and the EU.

    Once the country’s negotiations on EU membership stalled, progress quickly unwound. But what the country is also discovering is that the strong levels of economic growth enjoyed during Mr Erdogan’s first decade in office may be drawing to an end. Growth this year could be a mere 2 per cent, down from about 9 per cent a few years back.
    This weekend’s election must therefore mark a watershed in Mr Erdogan’s leadership. Whatever the result, the way forward for Turkey is to restore authority and integrity to the nation’s institutions. It may well be that Mr Erdogan wins enough backing on Sunday to remain at the helm of national politics. But his reputation as a statesman is shredded.

    FT, 28 March 2014

  • Caribbean states demand reparations from European powers for slave trade

    Caribbean states demand reparations from European powers for slave trade

    Most of the Caribbean nations have adopted a single plan to solicit from former slaving nations an apology, more aid and damages for 300 years of slavery, which they say have hobbled their economies and public health

    slavery
    Sugar Plantation Slaves 1858 engraving of slaves in the British West Indies working the sugar cane Photo: Lordprice Collection/ Alamy

    By Philip Sherwell, New York

    A coalition of Caribbean countries has unveiled its demands for reparations from Britain and other European nations for the enduring legacy of the slave trade.

    The leaders of 15 states adopted a wide-ranging plan, including seeking a formal apology from former colonial powers, debt cancellation, greater development aid as well as unspecified financial damages for the persisting “psychological trauma” from the days of plantation slavery.

    The series of demands to be made of former slaving nations such as Britain, France, Spain, Portugal and The Netherlands were agreed at a closed-door meeting of the Caribbean Community (Caricom) in St Vincent and the Grenadines.

    The Atlantic slave trade took place from the 16th through to the 19th centuries.

    The group hired Leigh Day, the British law firm, to push their claims after the company secured a £20 million compensation award for Kenyans who were tortured by colonial authorities during the Mau Mau rebellion in the 1950s.

    The reparations debate has long simmered in the Caribbean where many blame slavery for modern ills, ranging from economic weakness to health epidemics such as diabetes and hyper-tension allegedly caused by their ancestors’ poor diets.

    Caricom is pushing for increased technological assistance as it says European powers shackled the region during the world’s industrialisation by confining it to producing and exporting raw materials such as sugar.

    The plan also demands an increase of aid for public health and educational and cultural institutions such as museums and research centres.

    And it calls for the creation of a “repatriation programmes” to help resettle members of the Rastafarian movement in Africa. Repatriation to Africa has long been a central belief of Rastafarians.

    Martin Day, of Leigh Day, said he would request a meeting with European officials to seek a negotiated settlement, but would pursue a legal complaint if Caribbean nations are not satisfied with the outcome of any talks.

    It has been 180 years since Britain abolished slavery but the demand for an unqualified apology remains as controversial as the calls for financial damages.

    In 2007, Tony Blair, the then prime minister, expressed “deep sorrow and regret” for the “unbearable suffering” caused by Britain’s role in slavery but stopped short of a formal apology. His words angered many in the Caribbean as inadequate and resonating of legal caution.

    The British government, which currently contributes about £15million a year in development to the Caribbean, said that it has not been presented with the demands, but has consistently signalled opposition to financial reparations.

    “The UK has been clear that we deplore the human suffering caused by slavery and the slave trade,” a Foreign Office spokesman said. “However we do not see reparations as the answer. Instead, we should concentrate on identifying ways forward with a focus on the shared global challenges that face our countries in the twenty-first century.”

    But Professor Verene Shepherd, the chairman of Jamaica’s reparations committee, told The Daily Telegraph last month that British colonisers had “disfigured the Caribbean”, and that their descendants should now pay to repair the damage.

    “If you commit a crime against humanity, you are bound to make amends,” she said. “The planters were given compensation, but not one cent went to the freed Jamaicans”.

    The Caricom nations highlighted the region’s enduring troubles as well the suffering of the victims of the trade in humanity and the profits made by the slaving powers.

    “The transatlantic slave trade is the largest forced migration in human history and has no parallel in terms of man’s inhumanity to man,” their claim reads. “This trade in enchained bodies was a highly successful commercial business for the nations of Europe.”

    www.telegraph.co.uk, 11 Mar 2014

  • Lawrence revelations: admit institutional racism, Met chief told

    Lawrence revelations: admit institutional racism, Met chief told

    Hogan-Howe said the publication of the Ellison report marked one of the worst days in his police career. Photograph: Dominic Lipinski/PA
    Hogan-Howe said the publication of the Ellison report marked one of the worst days in his police career. Photograph: Dominic Lipinski/PA

    Anti-terror head moved as black police leader says force has not improved since the 1999 Macpherson inquiry

    According to Guardian the crisis engulfing the Metropolitan police following fresh revelations about the Stephen Lawrence case intensified on Friday night as the leader of its black officers’ association called on the commissioner, SirBernard Hogan-Howe, to admit that the force was still institutionally racist.

    Janet Hills, chair of the Met’s black police association, told the Guardian that the report by Mark Ellison QC into alleged police wrongdoing in the Lawrence case was the latest example of the force failing the communities it serves.

    Her comments came as the repercussions from Ellison’s report, commissioned by the home secretary, led the Met to move its head of counter-terrorism, Commander Richard Walton, out of his post after he was caught up in allegations that a police “spy” was placed close to the Lawrence family.

    The first public inquiry into the Lawrence case by Sir William Macpherson in 1999 resulted in the force being branded “institutionally racist” for its failings that led the teenager’s killers to escape justice.

    Years later the Met said the label no longer applied because it had improved so much, but the leader of the Met’s own ethnic minority officers disagreed.

    Hills said: “We believe the Met is still institutionally racist.” She said this was shown by issues such as higher rates of stop and search against black people, and “the representation of ethnic minorities within the organisation, where ethnic minorities are still stuck in the junior ranks”. She added: “For me, it lies in the fact there has been no change, no progression.”

    In his first public comments, Hogan-Howe accepted that the Ellison report was “devastating” and the London mayor Boris Johnson, who has responsibility for policing in the capital, described as “sickening” Ellison’s conclusion that a detective in the Lawrence murder investigation may have been corrupt.

     

    Hills said: “The Ellison report’s revelations came because of continuing pressure from the Lawrence family. It’s only because the Lawrence family are fighting for justice that all this is coming out, and there will be more to come.”

    Hills said Hogan-Howe should publicly accept that, 15 years on from Macpherson, Britain’s biggest police force – serving a city where 40% and rising are from ethnic minorities – was still “institutionally racist”. She said: “It would be good to hear him acknowledge that … For community trust and confidence he needs to take ownership.”

    Johnson defended the Met’s record on race and said confidence was rising in the force Hogan-Howe leads: “He is right to continue and accelerate the work of recruiting a police force that resembles the community it serves.

    There has been good progress in recent years in recruiting from ethnic minorities, but there is still some way to go. I know Sir Bernard is determined to get there, and I am sure that we can.”

    Ellison’s revelations that the Met had a “spy in the Lawrence camp” during the Macpherson inquiry led the force to announce it would “temporarily” move Walton from his post as head of counter-terrorism, one of the most sensitive jobs in British policing. He has also been referred to the Independent Police Complaints Commission.

    In August 1998, Walton, then an acting detective inspector, was helping to prepare the Met’s submission to the Macpherson inquiry. He secretly met an undercover officer – described by Ellison as being “positioned close to the Lawrence family campaign” to exchange “fascinating and valuable” information about the grieving family. Some of that information passed from the undercover officer included details on Doreen and Neville Lawrence’s marriage.

    Neville Lawrence last night called the revelations “disgusting”, telling the Daily Mail: “It’s unbelievable. They have mocked everything we have done, telling us to our faces that they are listening and things will change, and all the time laughing behind our backs.

    “I think they are actually worse than criminals because these officers get paid with taxpayers’ money for what they do.”

    Ellison found Walton’s conflicting accounts of the meeting “unconvincing, and somewhat troubling”.

    He offered a different version of the purpose of this meeting last month after Ellison told him that he was facing criticism in the report.

    Walton was moved to a non-operational role. It comes as the Met faces withering criticism from the home secretary down over the new revelations about its behaviour during the Lawrence case.

    Hogan-Howe said the publication of the Ellison report marked one of the worst days of his police career.

    He vowed to reform the force, and told London’s Evening Standard: “I cannot rewrite history and the events of the past but I do have a responsibility to ensure the trust and the confidence of the people of London in the Met now and in the future.”

    Theresa May branded the Lawrence revelations, some 21 years after the murder, as “profoundly shocking and disturbing”, adding that “policing stands damaged today”. She said the full truth had yet to emerge.

    Lord Condon, Met commissioner at the time of the “spy” in the Lawrence camp, denied any knowledge of the deployment, telling the House of Lords: “At no stage did I ever authorise, or encourage, or know about any action by any undercover officer in relation to Mr and Mrs Lawrence or their friends or supporters or the Macpherson inquiry hearings. Had I known I would have stopped this action immediately as inappropriate.”The fallout after the Ellison report is also reaching the courts. Two campaigners are to appeal against their convictions, alleging that an undercover police officer took part in their protest and set fire to a branch of Debenhams, causing damage totalling more than £300,000.The officer, a leading member of the covert unit at the heart of the undercover controversy, was revealed this week to have also been a key figure in thesecret operation to spy on the family of Stephen Lawrence.

    The announcement of the appeal comes as scores of convictions involving undercover officers over the past decades are to be re-examined to see if campaigners in a range of political groups have been wrongly convicted.

    Ellison, the QC who produced Thursday’s report into the undercover infiltration of the Lawrence campaign, also found that the unit, the special demonstration squad (SDS), had concealed crucial evidence from courts.

    Now he has been asked by the home secretary, Theresa May, to identify specific cases in which unjust convictions have been caused by the SDS, which infiltrated political groups between 1968 and 2008.

  • “10,000,000 dollars is not enough”

    “10,000,000 dollars is not enough”

    10,000,000 dollars is not enough

    A new recording of a phone call between Prime Minister Tayyip Erdoğan and his son Bilal has been leaked last night.

    In the alleged recording, Erdoğan and his son are discussing the amount of the bribe to be taken from a businessman named Sıtkı Ayan. Erdoğan finds the offered 10 million dollars insufficient, and instructs his son not to accept unless Ayan provides the amount he promised.

    Sıtkı Ayan is the owner of SOM Petrol, a London-based corporation that owns oil and gas wells in various countries and turns over billions of dollars every year. Turang Transit Transportation, also owned by Mr. Ayan, was awarded the government contract to build a $11.5 billion pipeline to transport natural gas from Iran and Turkmenistan to Europe. The investment was subsidised by the government, and the corporation was held exempt from VAT and various other taxes and duties.

    According to the whistleblowers who leaked the call, Mr. Ayan pays regular bribes to Prime Minister Erdoğan, just like the “other businessmen”.

    Transcript:

    Bilal Erdoğan: Mr. Sıtkı came yesterday, saying he couldn’t do the transfer properly, that he currently has about 10 or so (million dollars), that he can give it whenever we want…
    Tayyip Erdoğan: No no, don’t you take it.
    Bilal Erdoğan: No I won’t, but I don’t know what we’ll do now.
    Tayyip Erdoğan: No, don’t take it. If he’s going to bring what he promised, then let him bring it. If not, then no need. Others can bring it, so why can’t he, huh? What do they think is? But they are falling now, they’ll fall on our laps, don’t you worry.
    Bilal Erdoğan: OK, daddy.

    Click here to listen to the recording (in Turkish):

    Alternative link: watch?v=4GZBw369nEM

  • London Fashion Week  And Serap Pollard Collection AW14

    London Fashion Week And Serap Pollard Collection AW14

    serap pollarda This year Serap’s collection was shown London Fashion Week Season AW14.  The show was sponsored by the Turkish Ministry of Culture & Tourism. Her latest collection at the London Fashion Season AW14 Show will utilize Turkish fabrics and traditional techniques,  Serap Pollard believes that Turkey is very rich in traditional values as a result of a deep and rich history, therefore, she is very attentive to use the traditional values of Turkey in her designs.  In similarity to her previous projects,  Serap Pollard will be using  fabrics which originate from the depths of Turkey’s history as it appeals to have rich traditional values within the culture.  Although sustainable or organic clothes lack of colour and model, the designs of Serap Pollard are very successful at combining traditional lines with the world trends. Use of ecological products in her designs has received great attention in Europe.   Serap Pollard works towards promoting sustainability and helping people in the world’s most marginalized communities escape poverty by actively supporting Fair Trade producer groups in Turkey.   She is one of the few designers who produces sustainable fashion.   Sustainable fashion is a way of producing clothing in an Eco-friendly way.  The goal being to reduce the negative impact it has on the environment and maximize the garments lifespan, avoiding the typical short term garment trend of just wearing a piece of clothing for one season.  Serap Pollard’s show is sponsored by the Turkish Ministry of Culture & Tourism. The distinguished designer commented: “I’m thrilled to be working with the Turkish Ministry as official sponsors on my forthcoming London Fashion Week Season AW14 Collection Show.”

    serap pollard bhttps://www.facebook.com/SerapPollardLondon

    www.serappollard.com

    https://www.facebook.com/GoToTurkeyUK

    Serap Pollard was born in Turkey.  After graduating from Faculty of Fine Art of Marmara University in 2000,  Serap Pollard moved to London and has been living there ever since.  In 2000, she studied at London College of Fashion, University of the Arts, and Central Saint Martin’s College, adding to her already impressive resume.  In 2012 she completed her Masters degree at University of the Arts London after working for 10+ years in London with well-established companies (Laura Ashley etc.) and designer brands in which she continuously attended International and National Fashion Fairs and then she launched her brand under the name of SERAP POLLARD LONDON in 2011.  One key indication that a brand has become a lifestyle is when it successfully extends beyond its original product category.   Serap’s style evolves into a refined pureness of female elegance, but is still very comfortable and wearable.  Every detail, high quality of standard, tradition, and craftsmanship is being cared for.  Serap Pollard thinks that Turkey is very rich in traditional values, as a result of her deep and rich history,  she is very attentive to use the traditional values of Turkey in her designs.  Serap Pollard London works towards promoting sustainability and helping people in the world’s most marginalized communities escape poverty by actively supporting Fair Trade producer groups in Turkey.  The brand provides training to artisans and their organisations so they can improve their skills, and strengthen their businesses and social impact.  Serap Pollard London also allows time for production by hand and often invests in local community projects too. Although sustainable or organic clothes lack of colour and style, the designs of Serap Pollard are very successful at combining traditional lines with the world trends. Use of ecological products in her designs has received attention in Europe. Serap Pollard is one of the few designers who produces sustainable fashion. Sustainable fashion is a way of producing clothing in an Eco-friendly way. The goal being to reduce the negative impacts it has on the environment and maximise the garments lifespan, avoiding the typical short term garment trend of just wearing a piece of clothing for one season. Pollard is not only a nature lover, but also aims to contribute to the country economy. Another way of making eco-friendly clothes is “zero waste”.  15% of the fabric is wasted while producing a shirt. Pollard has leveled down this percentage by using appropriate patterns.  Thus, from an agriculture labourer to factory owner, from customer to the nature, every aspect in the life cycle of shirt reap the benefit of this approach.

    AW15 Collection/ 15th February 2014 (KUTNU) Acculturation

    We live in a multi-cultural world. Transportation, communication, globalisation, improving international relations, and movements of manpower increasingly bring people of different cultures closer together.  Cultures influence each other thanks to this. I have prepared this collection with the conscious of we live in a global village where acculturation is inevitable.  The starting point for this were the photos of two little girls. Two photos which were taken in different times and different places. The only common point of two girls, who look with different emotions, is the innocence. One of the photos were taken in Gaziantep, a kid with black big eyes and wearing clothes of traditional kutnu fabric; which I call “ diamond”.  The other one is a Princess Louise (1848-1939) portrait.  The second “diamond” gives me inspiration with her innocent appearance and yellow ringlet hairs.  Likewise in my previous projects, I  used a traditional and historical value of Turkey in my new project: Kutnu fabric.  Kutnu Fabric which is a hand woven fabric of Gaziantep in Turkey, and silk chiffon have been used as major materials in my designs. It is very suitable to the Serap Pollard London brand and style, as it is sustainable and ethical. I lived in Turkey until 2000 and have been living in London for the last 14 years. I like travelling. I like searching and learning about new cultures as well as following the interaction between cultures. I too am a part of Global Village.

    PROJECTS • “Under The Baobab” 2012 Londra Olimpics

    Pollard has made great impression by the project titled “Under the Baobab” which was materialized with an inspiration from Turkish history. Pollard collaborated with various fashion designers from the world in this project. It was the giant Olympic Tree, made of traditional Turkish fabrics, aroused great interest. Pollard, for this project, says “..a project with the objects of wood and fabric made me very excited. When we looked back to Turkish history, the foundation symbol of Ottoman Empire was a tree. This project with traditional Turkish fabrics has brought the Turkish history to today`s modern-day.”

    Mr Turkey and Serap Pollard
    Mr Turkey and Serap Pollard

    • SELALMAZ / KASTAMONU

    Serap Pollard says that she began this project with the aim of “adding value to the value” and set out on a fashion journey from London to Kastamonu. She adds that she preferred clothes which are more longer lasted, recyclable and away from fashion for this project. She weaved the Selalmaz Fabric of Kastamonu with the Eco-friendly Bamboo yarn and adapted this fabric to silk fabrics by using digital printing technique. The traditional weavings has been showcased in Europe.

    The Turkish designer aimed to make the Selalmaz fabric, a traditional value of Turkey, gain its well-deserved place. Providing a business opportunity to Kastamonu tradesmen and avoiding the extinction of Selalmaz fabric were among her aims too.  Pollard has completed her MA in Sustainable Fashion in London University with this project.

    • TOP MODEL UK Designs of the Turkish Designer Serap Pollard were used in Top Model UK.  Pollard signed her name to Top Model UK 2013 by using the garments made of ecological fabrics as well as ecological products

    • TOP MODEL WORLDWIDE

    Pollard made an indelible impression in local, national and international media organs by dressing models from 46 different countries in Top Model Worldwide 2013. Fashion authorities are already in agreement for her upward moving success graphic. This accomplishment has a broad repercussion in Turkey as well. Pollard has been officially appreciated by various Turkish Ministries for her contributions to the recognition of Turkey`s traditional values.

    • IZNIK CINISI

    The patterns of Iznik Tile, main theme of 2014 Spring/Summer collection, attracted great attention in the UK as well as the US where the editorial photo-shoots were performed.

    The Turkish designer says that she made a 3-months-research in Turkey, patterns designs were made in Turkey and the prepared fabrics were became clothes in London.  The promotion shooting of the collection was realized during London Fashion Week.

    American Modelling Agency and its staff were used for editorial shootings in Hollywood and Beverly hills.

    The American models, one more beautiful than the other, wore the garments which carry the blue colour and patterns of Iznik tile.  The name of Pollard`s collection is “Tiled-UP” and used the traditional blue tonnes of the word-famous Bursa Iznik Tile, Turkish blue, dodger blue and midnight blue were widely used in the collection. Serap Pollard states that it is very exciting to introduce Turkey in American Fashion word and adds “it is very extraordinary experience to tell the subjects, patterns and colours which you know best to the people you listen”.