Category: Sci/Tech

  • 12 months warning about the signs of an impending Ice Age

    12 months warning about the signs of an impending Ice Age

    Immediate Ice Gigantic Icelandic Volcano Could Plunge Europe Into Age…

    Volcano1

    A plethora of scientists have come out in the past 12 months warning about the signs of an impending Ice Age.

    (CHICAGO) – Another mammoth Icelandic volcano, Baroarbunga, is ready to erupt. This one could dwarf the Eyjafjallajokull glacier volcano that blew in 2010 causing havoc throughout Europe.

    That’s the word that’s streaming out of the northern island nation as geophysicists around the globe hold their breaths to see what will happen next.

    The Eyjafjallajokull eruption galvanized Europe and stunned the world with its unrelenting ferocity. It caused billionsVolcano2 of dollars in loss, paralyzed European air travel and caused food and other commodities to spike upwards.

    Worried experts warn that this eruption could be much, much worse.

    University of Iceland geophysicists have warned of a significant rise in seismic activity in the area of Vatnajökull, the largest of Iceland’s glaciers. A swarm of earthquakes has erupted signaling the likely eruption of Bardarbunga, Iceland’s second biggest volcano and one that sits directly above a major lava conduit.

    Baroarbunga, a stratovolcano towering 6,600 feet, is part of the island nation’s largest volcanic system. The huge volcano’s crater covers 43 square miles and is completely encased under glacial ice.

    Devastation in the 15th Century

    Baroarbunga’s last major eruption was horrendous. It changed the weather pattern in northern Europe and darkened the skies for months during 1477. That gigantic eruption generated the largest lava flow in 10,000 years and significantly expanded Iceland’s land mass.

    Volcano3Grim experts concede that if the volcano’s current activity culminates in an eruption equal to that of 1477, all of Scandinavia and much of northern Russia and Europe will be left reeling. The UK will be slammed by choking volcanic dust, grit and poisonous superheated gases. Commerce will grind to a halt, the skies will blacken for weeks, perhaps months, and agriculture would be severely affected.

    The late Cornell University professor, astronomer Carl Sagan, used the consequences of large volcanic eruptions impact on global cooling as part of his theoretical model for the frightening prospect of a nuclear winter.

    Ken Caldeira, an earth scientist at Stanford University, California, and member of Britain’s prestigious Royal Society working group on geo-engineering, explained that “dust sprayed into the stratosphere in volcanic eruptions is known to cool the Earth by reflecting light back into space.”

    That simple process has led to the starvation of whole nations in the past. Volcanic gases and dust suspended in the atmosphere cool the Earth to a point where the growing seasons significantly shrink and crops cannot reach maturity.

    Speaking to Icelandic TV about the danger the re-activating volcano posed to the country and the Northern Hemisphere, Einarsson said, “This is the most active area of the country if we look at the whole country together. There is no doubt that lava there is slowly growing, and the seismicity of the last few days is a sign of it.”

    Vulcanologists confirm they have great concern, but the region prevents them from detecting earth movements more accurately.

    “We need better measurements because it is difficult to determine the depth of earthquakes because it is in the middle of the country and much of the area is covered with glaciers,” Einarsson added.

    The UK and the Baroarbunga Ice Age

    Volcano4A plethora of scientists have come out in the past 12 months warning about the signs of an impending Ice Age. Some believe it will be a mini-Ice Age, others argue it will be a major one.

    Ice Ages are caused by a number of factors. Not all of the factors are fully understood.

    But a consensus of scientists agree that more than anything else what dominates the climate is the sun’s activity, the Earth’s core, volcanic action and water vapor in the atmosphere.

    Adding to Earth’s shivering woes: NASA has confirmed the sun will be going into an extended cooling period after 2012.

    The cool down is expected to last from 30 to 50 years.

    At one time geophysicists believed it took hundreds or thousands of years for an Ice Age to begin, but during the past few decades evidence has emerged that the planet can slip into an Ice Age in under a decade.

    Events like a giant volcano erupting…

    Salem News

  • UK-Turkey defence cooperation

    UK-Turkey defence cooperation

    The Defence Secretary, Dr Liam Fox, visited Ankara on 24 January. He discussed UK-Turkey defence cooperation with the Turkish Defence Minister and senior military officials. He visited Ataturk’s Mausoleum and gave an interview to Haber Turk. He also set out UK priorities in an article for Cumhuriyet newspaper.

    Handshake

    Article by the UK Secretary of Defence for Cumhuriyet newspaper

    My visit to Turkey this week has the aim of building stronger relations in the defence and security sphere. I want to see increased political and military engagement between the Turkish and British Armed Forces. I want to see more joint training, more officer exchange, closer cooperation on equipment procurement.  We are natural strategic partners.
    As British Prime Minister David Cameron said when he visited Turkey last year “Turkey is vital for our economy, vital for our security and vital for our politics and our diplomacy.”. Britain and Turkey have an enduring friendship and like the best friendships this is based on mutual interests.  We share many of the same security concerns: terrorism, the Middle-East Peace Process, stability in Iraq, concerns with Iran’s nuclear programme, energy security, piracy, and success in Afghanistan. This is why  the David Cameron and British Foreign Secretary William Hague visited Turkey last summer so soon after the new Coalition government was formed in the UK and why  the British Prime Minister signed a strategic partnership agreement with Prime Minister Erdogan.  And it is why we should also pursue closer cooperation in the defence and security sphere.  With all that Turkey does inside NATO and for European defence it is astonishing that it has been eight years since a British Defence Secretary has had a bilateral visit to Turkey.
    Turkey has an important and strategic role in global affairs. The UK is determined that this role is properly understood by all of our partners.  Turkey connects Europe and the Islamic world. It is a trading partner with a strong economy and a major player in the energy market. As a vitally important member of NATO Turkey makes a major contribution to the collective security of Europe. No organisation, especially the EU, can be serious about European defence without the full participation of Turkey.
    Turkey’s military contribution to regional and global security is an example of why Turkey is such a valuable partner. Your country has deployed thousands of troops to Afghanistan and has been at the centre of seeking economic and political progress there. Turkey plays a significant part in counter piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and in Operation Active Endeavour, NATO’s first ever Article 5 military operation.  Turkey’s contribution to European security should be praised and viewed as an example to many of our NATO allies. It is imperative that the NATO-EU relationship evolves to recognise what Turkey has to offer. After considering all that Turkey does for the defence and security of Europe I find it frustrating that its accession process into the EU has been stalled. I fear that at times, some EU Member States are so focused on their national agendas that we have collectively failed to realise that Europe needs Turkey just as much as Turkey needs Europe.
    Some believe that Turkey faces a choice between looking west towards Europe or east towards Asia. I think this is a false dichotomy. Turkey is simultaneously a European and Near-Eastern country that has cultural and economic interests that extend well into Central Asia, the Middle-East, North Africa and Western Europe. This unique attribute is one of the reasons why Turkey is an asset to Europe. Because of its history, its culture and its strategic position, Turkey has influence on some issues that others in the West cannot match.
    Take the issue of Iran’s nuclear ambitions. If Iran gets nuclear weapons, it will be a disaster – it could destroy the hopes for peace in the Middle East and cause a nuclear arms race and further conflict through the region, impacting directly on Turkish security.  We believe Turkey shares that view and we are grateful for Turkish support for international efforts to address these concerns. This includes hosting last week’s talks between the E3+3 and Iran in Istanbul. We must keep up the pressure, including through robust implementation of sanctions. I welcome Turkey’s commitment to do just that. Like all of us, Turkey has an important responsibility to ensure it is not used by Iran to help it avoid its international obligations.
    On the 5th of February, 1952 the British Foreign Secretary, Anthony Eden, stood up in the British Parliament and reminded people that Turkey is an “old and trusted friend” of the United Kingdom and that was why, he said, the UK was the first NATO country to give formal approval of Turkey’s admission to the alliance. Later that month Turkey attended the Lisbon Conference as a full member of NATO beginning 59 consecutive years of what has been one of the most important contributions to Europe’s defence and security. Today, the UK-Turkish relationship has never been closer.  Turkey stands at the new military, economic, energy and political crossroads of the world and it would be profoundly wrong for Europeans to turn their backs at this time. The UK will continue to be Turkey’s strongest advocates for EU membership. I will take every opportunity possible to remind my European colleagues who are sceptical about Turkey’s future inside Europe just how short-sighted they are. What a mistake of truly historic proportions it would be if, the leaders across Europe delivered future generations into a much more dangerous and destabilised continent because Turkey was excluded from something it rightly deserves—membership of the EU.

    Article by the UK Secretary of Defence for Cumhuriyet newspaperMy visit to Turkey this week has the aim of building stronger relations in the defence and security sphere. I want to see increased political and military engagement between the Turkish and British Armed Forces. I want to see more joint training, more officer exchange, closer cooperation on equipment procurement.  We are natural strategic partners.
    As British Prime Minister David Cameron said when he visited Turkey last year “Turkey is vital for our economy, vital for our security and vital for our politics and our diplomacy.”. Britain and Turkey have an enduring friendship and like the best friendships this is based on mutual interests.  We share many of the same security concerns: terrorism, the Middle-East Peace Process, stability in Iraq, concerns with Iran’s nuclear programme, energy security, piracy, and success in Afghanistan. This is why  the David Cameron and British Foreign Secretary William Hague visited Turkey last summer so soon after the new Coalition government was formed in the UK and why  the British Prime Minister signed a strategic partnership agreement with Prime Minister Erdogan.  And it is why we should also pursue closer cooperation in the defence and security sphere.  With all that Turkey does inside NATO and for European defence it is astonishing that it has been eight years since a British Defence Secretary has had a bilateral visit to Turkey.
    Turkey has an important and strategic role in global affairs. The UK is determined that this role is properly understood by all of our partners.  Turkey connects Europe and the Islamic world. It is a trading partner with a strong economy and a major player in the energy market. As a vitally important member of NATO Turkey makes a major contribution to the collective security of Europe. No organisation, especially the EU, can be serious about European defence without the full participation of Turkey.
    Turkey’s military contribution to regional and global security is an example of why Turkey is such a valuable partner. Your country has deployed thousands of troops to Afghanistan and has been at the centre of seeking economic and political progress there. Turkey plays a significant part in counter piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and in Operation Active Endeavour, NATO’s first ever Article 5 military operation.  Turkey’s contribution to European security should be praised and viewed as an example to many of our NATO allies. It is imperative that the NATO-EU relationship evolves to recognise what Turkey has to offer. After considering all that Turkey does for the defence and security of Europe I find it frustrating that its accession process into the EU has been stalled. I fear that at times, some EU Member States are so focused on their national agendas that we have collectively failed to realise that Europe needs Turkey just as much as Turkey needs Europe.
    Some believe that Turkey faces a choice between looking west towards Europe or east towards Asia. I think this is a false dichotomy. Turkey is simultaneously a European and Near-Eastern country that has cultural and economic interests that extend well into Central Asia, the Middle-East, North Africa and Western Europe. This unique attribute is one of the reasons why Turkey is an asset to Europe. Because of its history, its culture and its strategic position, Turkey has influence on some issues that others in the West cannot match.
    Take the issue of Iran’s nuclear ambitions. If Iran gets nuclear weapons, it will be a disaster – it could destroy the hopes for peace in the Middle East and cause a nuclear arms race and further conflict through the region, impacting directly on Turkish security.  We believe Turkey shares that view and we are grateful for Turkish support for international efforts to address these concerns. This includes hosting last week’s talks between the E3+3 and Iran in Istanbul. We must keep up the pressure, including through robust implementation of sanctions. I welcome Turkey’s commitment to do just that. Like all of us, Turkey has an important responsibility to ensure it is not used by Iran to help it avoid its international obligations.
    On the 5th of February, 1952 the British Foreign Secretary, Anthony Eden, stood up in the British Parliament and reminded people that Turkey is an “old and trusted friend” of the United Kingdom and that was why, he said, the UK was the first NATO country to give formal approval of Turkey’s admission to the alliance. Later that month Turkey attended the Lisbon Conference as a full member of NATO beginning 59 consecutive years of what has been one of the most important contributions to Europe’s defence and security. Today, the UK-Turkish relationship has never been closer.  Turkey stands at the new military, economic, energy and political crossroads of the world and it would be profoundly wrong for Europeans to turn their backs at this time. The UK will continue to be Turkey’s strongest advocates for EU membership. I will take every opportunity possible to remind my European colleagues who are sceptical about Turkey’s future inside Europe just how short-sighted they are. What a mistake of truly historic proportions it would be if, the leaders across Europe delivered future generations into a much more dangerous and destabilised continent because Turkey was excluded from something it rightly deserves—membership of the EU.

    UK in Turkey

  • Gray Wolf Is Detected in Ethiopia

    Gray Wolf Is Detected in Ethiopia

    Wolf Fans can add a new wolf to their list. A new grey wolf has been found and is being dubbed the “African Wolf”.

    Surmising for a Jackal

    Phil Dickie – Researchers long surmised that this canine was a kind of jackal. These are shots of the golden jackal. New molecular evidence reveals a new species of grey wolf living in Africa. Formerly confused with golden jackals, and thought to be an Egyptian subspecies of jackal, the new African wolf shows that members of the grey wolf lineage reached Africa about 3 million years ago, before they spread throughout the northern hemisphere.

    Add Gray Wolf to List of Canines in Africa

    By SINDYA B. BHANOO

    The Ethiopian highlands are home to two canine species that look deceptively similar, the gray wolf and the golden jackal, according to a new study in the journal PLoS One. Until now, the two midsize animals were thought to be the same species.

    In the 1880s, the English biologist Thomas Huxley suspected that there was a wolf living in the region but had no way of investigating it at the time.

    “This shows the progress of using modern genetic techniques for understanding ecology,” said Nils Stenseth, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Oslo and one of the study’s authors.

    He and his colleagues, from the University of Oxford in England and Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia, analyzed feces samples and compared their information with data stored in GenBank, a collection of all publicly available DNA sequences maintained by the National Institutes of Health.

    “We were really surprised to see that it was wolf DNA, and first off we assumed we had something wrong,” Dr. Stenseth said.

    The wolf is cryptic and difficult to spot. Because so little known about the ecology of the species, it will take further study to grasp what the wolf’s living situation is today.

    “What we want now is to go in and do a much more detailed evaluation of the wolf population,” which may be endangered, Dr. Stenseth said.

    “It’s very clear that it’s a small population, because there are many biologists working in the area, and by now it would have otherwise been a known species,” he said.

    www.nytimes.com, January 31, 2011

  • Turkey’s electronic money card ‘Gumkart’ receives award in London

    Turkey’s electronic money card ‘Gumkart’ receives award in London

    Gumkart, an electronic money card, used at all customs locations throughout Turkey to pay duties has received the “Most Creative Solution to Pay Public Fees” award in London on Monday.

    Dunya

    LONDON– The award, presented by Visa Europe, was given at a ceremony attended by officials from the Turkish Undersecretariat of Customs, Finance Ministry and Vakiflar Bank.

    In a press conference held at the Turkish Embassy in London following the award ceremony, the Undersecretary of Turkish Customs, Ziya Altunyaldiz, said that there was no other electronic money card as “Gumkart” in any other European country. Turkey is the only country in Europe that collects customs duties by an electronic money card, “Gumkart”, Altunyaldiz said.

    In 2010, 13 billion Turkish Liras (TL) of all customs duties out of a total of around 40 billion TL were paid by “Gumkart”. With the “Gumkart”, all cash payments and payments by checks for customs duties have ended, Altunyaldiz also said.

    Cumhuriyet

  • Turkey’s homegrown UAV makes first flight

    Turkey’s homegrown UAV makes first flight

    By Gayle Putrich

    Turkey’s first unmanned aerial vehicle quietly made its first flight 30 December, according to Turkish defence officials.

    Called the Anka – which translates to “phoenix” in English – the 10m-long (33ft) composite UAV flew for about 14 minutes. It is designed to stay aloft for up to 24h with a 200kg (441lb) payload.

    The Anka-A, the surveillance version of the aircraft, was unveiled 16 July has cost more than $100 million to design and develop. The sensor kit, being built by Aselsan, includes the company’s Aselflir-300T electro-optical/infra red (EO/IR) sensor and a synthetic aperture radar/ ground moving target indicator. The EO/IR sensor is expected to reach initial operational capability by September, with both up and running by the close of 2011. Turkish Aerospace Industries is also reportedly developing an armed version of the UAV, the Anka-B.

    Turkey quickly followed up the medium-altitude long-endurance Anka’s first flight with a another boost to the country’s growing UAV industry — a 4 January agreement between the Turkish defence industry undersecretariat and the Turkey-based Vestel Defense Corporation to develop a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle for the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK). The ministry aims to end Turkey’s need to import its military’s UAVs, says defence minister Vecdi Gonul.

    “I am happy to express that, with the mini and tactical unmanned aerial vehicles and ANKA unmanned aerial vehicle manufactured by the Turkish Aerospace Industries, Turkey’s dependency on foreign sources for the supply of the unmanned aerial vehicles has ended, Gonul also said.

    Vestel, a defence subsidiary of a Turkish home appliance and electronics company, is developing the Karayel tactical UAV, which will fly up to 20h at an altitude of 22,000ft with a payload of up to 80kg (176lbs).

    via Boeing 747 and Airbus A380 Aircraft News from Flightglobal.

  • Turkey Pushed for Its Own Astronaut on Space Shuttle

    Turkey Pushed for Its Own Astronaut on Space Shuttle

    By Clara Moskowitz

    SPACE.com Senior Writer

    In exchange for buying Boeing jets, Turkey wanted a Turkish astronaut to fly on a NASA space shuttle, according to a classified U.S. State Department message recently released by the organization WikiLeaks.

    last atlantis liftoff 1 100514 01The leaked cable, published by the New York Times, was written in January 2010 by James Jeffrey while he was U.S. ambassador to Turkey. Jeffrey (now ambassador to Iraq) was apparently urging Turkish Airlines, which is partly owned by the Turkish government, to purchase planes from Boeing rather than its European competitor Airbus.

    Turkish Minister of Transportation Binali Yildirim told Jeffrey that while price was the main consideration, Turkey could be swayed by perks, including help getting the budding Turkish space program off the ground – a request that had previously been made by Turkey’s president, Abdullah Gul, to President Obama.

    “Yildirim hinted obliquely that Turkey’s desire to send an astronaut into space — expressed in a letter from President Gul to President Obama — is also tied into its consideration of commercial deals, and that NASA assistance to help stand up Turkey’s nascent space program would be viewed positively,” Jeffrey wrote.

    The Turkish minister also requested help from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration in strengthening Turkey’s aviation infrastructure, and said that heightened cooperation between the FAA and Turkey could also help sweeten the deal.

    “Yildirim’s conflation of interactions [between the United States and Turkey] and what is ostensibly a commercial sale between private firms suggests an unwelcome, but unsurprising, degree of political influence in this transaction,” Jeffrey wrote.

    He added, however, “While there should not be a link between this deal and FAA/NASA assistance in developing Turkey’s aviation and aerospace agencies, such assistance in and of itself could be mutually beneficial and merits further study.”

    The leaked memo not only revealed the eagerness of Turkey to boost its space and aviation programs, but, taken with other cables released by WikiLeaks, showed the willingness of American diplomats to help broker deals for U.S. businesses.

    Jeffrey promised to investigate whether NASA could help the Turkish space program. He “noted that scheduling a Turkish astronaut on an upcoming mission would be extremely difficult, but that other technical assistance from NASA in establishing Turkey’s space program might be a possibility.”

    NASA has carried foreign astronauts on space shuttle flights in exchange for money or other contributions to space projects. For example, Japanese astronauts have flown on U.S. space shuttles (as well as on Russian Soyuz spacecraft), and Israel’s first astronaut, Ilan Ramon, was a member of the ill-fated crew of the space shuttle Columbia, which disintegrated in 2003 during re-entry.

    Political considerations weigh into the decision to place a foreign astronaut aboard a U.S. space shuttle, but in Turkey’s case that may now be moot: Only two or three shuttle flights remain before the fleet is retired this year.

    Turkey is not the only country asking for perks in exchange for purchasing Boeing jets. Other leaked documents reveal similar tit-for-tat requests being negotiated behind the scenes by the State Department. For example, the king of Saudi Arabia wanted his personal jet outfitted with technology from Air Force One, and the prime minister of Bangladesh asked the State Department to re-establish landing rights at New York’s JFK airport, the New York Times reported.

    Ultimately, there is hope for further collaboration in space between Turkey and the United States, Jeffrey wrote.

    “We probably cannot put a Turkish astronaut in orbit, but there are programs we could undertake to strengthen Turkey’s capacity in this area that would meet our own goals for improved aviation safety in the region.”

    via SPACE.com — Turkey Pushed for Its Own Astronaut on Space Shuttle.